Category: Studies in The Old Testament

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Genesis Chapter Fourteen, War in The Plains of Shinar!

[1] And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations;
[2] That these made war with Bera king of Sodom, and with Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar.
[3] All these were joined together in the vale of Siddim, which is the salt sea.
[4] Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
[5] And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim,
[6] And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
[7] And they returned, and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites that dwelt in Hazezon-tamar.
[8] And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim;
[9] With Chedorlaomer the king of Elam, and with Tidal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar; four kings with five.
[10] And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain.
[11] And they took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah, and all their victuals, and went their way.
[12] And they took Lot, Abram’s brother’s son, who dwelt in Sodom, and his goods, and departed.
[13] And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eschol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram.
[14] And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan.
[15] And he divided himself against them, he and his servants, by night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus.
[16] And he brought back all the goods, and also brought again his brother Lot, and his goods, and the women also, and the people.
[17] And the king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that were with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the king’s dale.
[18] And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.
[19] And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth:
[20] And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.
[21] And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself.
[22] And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand unto the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth,
[23] That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:
[24] Save only that which the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went with me, Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.

Commentary on Genesis Chapter Fourteen

As we enter upon the history of the ancient world events found here, it would appear that this chapter is somewhat out of place in the Scriptural narrative . Until this point we have been observing the line of the families which will ultimately result in the earthly ministry of Jesus, The Messiah. Here we find the historical documentation of the first war recorded in the Bible. The kings which set about waging these campaigns number four. They are kings which dwell to the north of the fertile lands which are inhabited by the five cities of the plains that included Sodom and Gomorrah.

As do many of these ancient conflagrations , this one began with rebellion over an annual tribute, a tax if you will, that the subjects of Chedorlaomer had been required to deliver unto him for twelve years. In a rage of fury this king cobbles together an alliance with three other rulers who combine to form one massive army under his command. Of note to us among them there is one king in this text called Amraphel king of Shinar. In the study of Scripture, I often find that God’s people stumble over the lack of knowledge of the many names, which we find listed in a given chapter, because they seem to just be a needless record of people that we care nothing about. That is an unfortunate thing , for these names, like the names in the geneological records found throughout Scripture, are inportant in establishing the truth and accuracy of the Scriptures, as well as identifying the time frames for the existence of the individuals which are so very important in Biblical history.

One such name is Amraphel king of Shinar. For many years some scoffers doubted that this man even existed since there was , they would claim , “no extra biblical evidence” to document such existence. That claim is negated by the tracing back of the origin of this king who , by the way, just happens to be one of the most highly regarded figures in Ancient Sumerian history. The linguistics involved in such a tracing lead us to the name of The Ancient Law Giver, Ḫammurabi! It was he who codified the first set of laws into written form which today is known by those who study ancient history as the Code of Ḫammurabi!

In this chapter therefore we come face to face with the concept that Abram was in fact a contemporary of this man because we are told here that he made war against him! There is also evidence that this man , Ḫammurabi!, was in fact the Nimrod of Genesis ten. He is also therefore the central character in the famed Epic of Gilgamesh, for Nimrod and Gilgamesh are believed to be one and the same ! It all fits together if careful study is undertaken.

These things make for fascinating study in their own right, but what does this have to do with the ongoing revelation of God which is the central theme of The Scriptures? We encounter these wars because Lot, Abram’s kinsman, will be the cause of Abram being drawn into the frey as he attempts to rescue his nephew. We find Lot and his family now entrenched in the city of Sodom as we read this chapter. In setting the stage we find written the following.

“[1] And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations;
[2] That these made war with Bera king of Sodom, and with Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar.
[3] All these were joined together in the vale of Siddim, which is the salt sea.
[4] Twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
[5] And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaims in Ashteroth Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham, and the Emims in Shaveh Kiriathaim,
[6] And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness.
[7] And they returned, and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites that dwelt in Hazezon-tamar.”

(Genesis 14:1-7)

The success of the kings from the north is evident as you see the listing of the many peoples which they subdued before they even got to their intended targets! The course of attack was directly down a well known route in the Ancient World called the Kings Highway. This was perhaps the most well used trade route in that part of the world. The plunder attained by this approach would have been extensive and massively valuable.

As a defense strategy, it would appear that the five cities of the plain had sought to draw the armies of the north into the murky, boggy, slime pits, which were prevelent in the area between the two armies, and slaughter them as they bogged down in the mire of that land.

It did not work.

We are told the following.

“[8] And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim;
[9] With Chedorlaomer the king of Elam, and with Tidal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar; four kings with five.
[10] And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain.”

(Genesis 14:8-20)

It is now told unto us why all of these things are recorded here. Among the spoils of war, which woud have been added to the vast treasure trove that was accumulated along the way , these four victorious kings took the spoils that Sodom and Gomorrah and the other cities of the plain held. Among these were several people who would be either sold or made slaves of the kings who were victorious. One of these was Lot, Abram’s kinsman.

It is written.

“12] And they took Lot, Abram’s brother’s son, who dwelt in Sodom, and his goods, and departed.
[13] And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eschol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram.”

( Genesis 14:12-13)

Let us remember that the only reason Lot was there was his lust and greedy desire to expand his holdings as we saw when he chose what appeared to be the best part of the land for himself to the exclusion of Abram. How gracious is the action of Abram in the following verses where we find written;

“14] And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan.
[15] And he divided himself against them, he and his servants, by night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus.
[16] And he brought back all the goods, and also brought again his brother Lot, and his goods, and the women also, and the people.

(Genesis 14:14-16)

Two things stand out here. The first is that Abram must have been a very wealthy man to be able to mount an army of the servants from within his own household. Also, as you read carefully the account of his involvement in this war it becomes apparent that Abram, who was in his mid eighties by most accounts , was a master strategist. He defeated the kings which five combined armies could not stop, and he did so with a vastly smaller numerical force of soldiers!

Knowing the things we have looked at is important. It grants unto us the greater abillity to grasp what we are about to observe as Abram encounters two different figures while making his way home. One of these will place a great temptation in the path of Abram. The other I believe to be God Himself who has come to commune with Abram. It is written before us.

“[17] And the king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that were with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the king’s dale.
[18] And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God.
[19] And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth:
[20] And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.
[21] And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself.”

(Genesis 14:17-21)

Here we first meet a most mysterious character named Melchizedek. He does not show up in too many other places in the Scriptures , yet I hold Him to be of the utmost importance when read the Bible. He is mentioned in only one other Old Testament Passage which is Messianic by nature. In Psalms 110 verse four we find this written.

“The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.”

(Psalms 110:4)

I would suggest reading that entire Psalm to grasp this Messianic character of what is there. There is much to say in the New Testament concerninig this mystarious one which can be found in The Epistle to the Hebrews. The seventh chapter in particular speaks of Him. In that passage we discover the following things concerning Him.

  • He is called the Priest of The Most High God again (Hebrews 7:1)
  • He is called The King of Righteousnes ( Hebrews 7:2)
  • He is referred to as The King of Peace ( Hebrews 7:2)
  • Abram gave a tenth of all which he had acquired during this war.( Hebrews 7:2)
  • He was without Father or Mother (Hebrews 7:3)
  • He had no record of descent, that is He had no Geneological record, (Hebrews 7:3)
  • He had no beginning of days (Hebrews 7:3)
  • He had no end of life ( Hebrews 7:3)
  • He was not from the tribe of Levi! (Hebrews 7:9-10)

This listing is only a partial enumeration of what is spoken of this “man” whom Abram encountered. This is a Priest of The High God who appears long before the law under which the priesthood pertaining to Israel under Moses was created. Yet He is titled, and recognized by Abram to be, The Priest of The Most High God. What man could meet all of these characteristics? The obvious answer is none! This is God , in the form of a preincarnate apppearance of Jesus Christ!

Look at the passages relating to this encounter closely and you will see that Melchizedek comes forth to meet Abram bringing the elements of communnion, which were used in the last supper recorded in The New Testament Gospel Accounts , which were bread and wine! Also note that it was Melchizedek which first encountered Abram. The second encounter, with the king of Sodom, was nothing like this first meeting. To understand what was going on here it is important to grasp the following.

It was customary in the days of these events for those who had triumphed in battle to divide the spoils which had been acquired among themselves as they saw fit. This did include people taken captive as well as all else. Knowing that such was the expected custom , The king of Sodom attempted to assert his claim to a portion of the loot, but also shrewdly set forth a proposition which revealed his debauched character. It is written.

“[21] And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself.
[[21] And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself.
[22] And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand unto the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth,
[23] That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:
[24] Save only that which the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went with me, Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.
[24] Save only that which the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went with me, Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.

(Genesis 14:21-24)

The King of Sodom wanted the people for nefarious purposes more than he wanted the wealth which was signified by all of the gold , silver, and precious stone or other items within the booty. The filthy, debased, abuse and misuse of people in the history of the five cities of the plains is legendary. Some have said it is beyond comprehenion of the civilized mind. What is before us is something akin to that damnable practice of human trafficking which we fight in this our day. The temptation, which would have been made even more alluring by the presence of the great horde of spoils right before Abram, could very easily have caused a lesser man to cave to such a proposition.

Yet this was God’s man who but a few moments ago we found in close communion with God Himself. The disdain which Abram rightly displayed by refusing this proposition in the way he did was more than warranted. He wanted nothing to do with the Sodomites then or in the future. Recognizing that taking anything, anything at all, from this evil monarch would taint his reputation, by allowing the king of Sodom to claim that he had made Abram wealthy, was enough for Abram to vehemently refuse this offer. Let us be aware that in refusing this deal Abram was affirming his reliance upon, and faith in, The High God. It is written.

“[21] And the king of Sodom said unto Abram, Give me the persons, and take the goods to thyself.
[22] And Abram said to the king of Sodom, I have lift up mine hand unto the LORD, the most high God, the possessor of heaven and earth,
[23] That I will not take from a thread even to a shoelatchet, and that I will not take any thing that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:
[24] Save only that which the young men have eaten, and the portion of the men which went with me, Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre; let them take their portion.”

(Genesis 14:21-24)

Here is the secret of the magnificent character of Abram. He was beginning to trust The High God for all which he would receive in this life and not depend upon himself or others. This is a lesson that far too many Christians today never grow to understand as they walk through this life. As surely as Abram depended upon God for these things , we too who are the spiritual descendants of Abraham, ought to lean hard upon God who promises to meet our needs and desires through His magnificent supply!

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Genesis Chapter Twelve. A Man Called Abram Encounters God.

[1] Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto a land that I will shew thee:
[2] And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou shalt be a blessing:
[3] And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.
[4] So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran.
[5] And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother’s son, and all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of Canaan they came.
[6] And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.
[7] And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
[8] And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.
[9] And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south.
[10] And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was grievous in the land.
[11] And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon:
[12] Therefore it shall come to pass, when the Egyptians shall see thee, that they shall say, This is his wife: and they will kill me, but they will save thee alive.
[13] Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister: that it may be well with me for thy sake; and my soul shall live because of thee.
[14] And it came to pass, that, when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman that she was very fair.
[15] The princes also of Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house.
[16] And he entreated Abram well for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen, and he asses, and menservants, and maidservants, and she asses, and camels.
[17] And the LORD plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai Abram’s wife.
[18] And Pharaoh called Abram, and said, What is this that thou hast done unto me? why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife?
[19] Why saidst thou, She is my sister? so I might have taken her to me to wife: now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way.
[20] And Pharaoh commanded his men concerning him: and they sent him away, and his wife, and all that he had.

Commentary On Genesis Chapter Twelve

As we enter this chapter, we find that the world was in rebellion against God once more. The different ethnicities which sprang from the three sons of Noah had dispersed but not before the religion of ancient Babylon had taken hold. In addition to this there was one that had arisen which desired to be the ruler of the human race who was called by the title, Nimrod. The situation was such that it would seem that the worship of the One True God was a rarity among humanity.

Against this background we encounter a man called Abram. It is written.

“Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto a land that I will shew thee:
[2] And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou shalt be a blessing:
[3] And I will bless them that bless thee and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.”

(Genesis 12:1-3)

Embedded in these three verses which God spoke unto this man are four great promises upon which hangs the entirety of all of the following Scriptures. Look carefully and you will find the following things promised here.

  • Abram is promised a land which God will show him.
  • Abram is promised that God will make of him a great nation and cause his name to be made great in all the earth.
  • All who bless Abram and his descendants shall also be blessed while all who curse them shall themselves be cursed.
  • All of the families of the earth shall receive blessings which shall come through him.

It is well for one who would know the truths of Scripture to seek to understand in every passage how it relates to these promises. At times the issue will be the possession of the land that was promised. At other times the issue will be how the blessings which mankind has received down through the ages since these words were spoken by God have materialized. There are other instances where the direct context of a passage deals with the nations which have come from Abram. Take this to heart in your quest to understand God’s Scriptures and never forget that in all of these God is in the process of revealing Himself unto mankind.

In response to the calling of God, this man Abram, took action based upon faith and faith alone. This we are told in the epistle written unto the Hebrews. There we find the following written.

“By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed; and he went out, not knowing whither he went.
[9] By faith he sojourned in the land of promise, as in a strange country, dwelling in tabernacles with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise:
[10] For he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God.

(Hebrews 11:8-10)

Take note of several things concerning the exercise of faith by this man. First note that the action he took was not based upon familiarity of the place, nor the circumstances, into which he was venturing. He began his journey by simply believing that as he went God would supply his needs and direct him every step of the way. This is how true faith works my friend. True faith is not dependent upon human rationalization nor sight of what may be instore when we are told to do a thing by God! Lest one might be tempted to place limitations or preconditions upon obedience to God let us examine the life of Abram which he possessed at the time he was called. It is written.

“So Abram departed, as the LORD had spoken unto him; and Lot went with him: and Abram was seventy and five years old when he departed out of Haran.
[5] And Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother’s son, and all their substance that they had gathered, and the souls that they had gotten in Haran; and they went forth to go into the land of Canaan; and into the land of Canaan they came.
[6] And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.
[7] And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
[8] And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.

(Genesis 12:4-8)

This was no man in his youth without any strings attached! Abram was 75 years of age when this call was entertained. Note that he was married and had long standing family obligations and relationships. He also appears to have amassed a certain degree of wealth and possessions which would have needed his attention. This man was certainly well established in a lifestyle of his choosing when God spoke to him. Think for a moment upon the many excuses he could have responded with unto God’s calling and note that he used none of them. We know from additional Scriptures that Abram was actually in Ur of The Chaldees when God summoned him, for in the Book of Acts it is written.

” And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran,
[3] And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee.
[4] Then came he out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell.
[5] And he gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on: yet he promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child.”

(Acts 7:2-5)

In his marvelous defense before the council Deacon Stephen began with the origin of his people and he clearly states that Abram dwelt in Ur. It was from this point that Abram departed yet when we see the events of Genesis twelve the place noted is Haran. The name of that place, by translation, means “crossroad “. You will note by a close examination of the events we are studying that the faith of Abram was a at first only partial obedience. Look closely and you will see the following things involved here.

  • Abram’s father and much of his extended family went out with him.
  • The entire party stopped at Haran.
  • They did not continue until Abram’s father died.
  • While in Haran they apparently conducted some business, for we are told that they had “obtained souls” and gathered substance there in verse five of this chapter.

Do not be overly critical of Abram. Remember that the prevailing religious practices of the place where he spent the first seventy-five years of life were predominantly that of pagan idol worship which would have been based upon the astrological worship of Ancient Babylon. To obey the voice of this “strange, new God ” was a tremendous act of faith upon his part, running contrary to everything he had been exposed to in his religious life. This is very important to note because this is in reality an action of repentance on the part of Abram. It is necessary to engage in such action if one truly chooses to follow God.

Far too often people attempt to compromise their commitment unto God by bringing some portion of their former religious beliefs into the experience of the new birth which thereby negates that experience entirely. Some claim that they are “Christian ” yet hold unto manmade doctrines which they claim are necessary to hold in addition to what God says. They may claim that a certain book must be adhered to because the Scriptures alone are not complete and sufficient for the task of bringing us closer to God.

Others will claim to be “Christian” but still hold that they must partake of certain rituals in order to be made clean before God. It may be the receiving of a certain sacrament, or the confession unto a priest in a private booth which they claim must be observed. In all of the cases I have noted here it is to be recognized that the origins of these binding things can be traced right back to the worship deployed by the Ancients of Babylon.

Abram left all of that behind and never returned to any such worship. His faith in God was placed solely in God and His revealed word. We are not told of anything which he added unto what God had said nor are we told of anything which he detracted from what God spoke in this encounter. The obtaining of the promises was linked solely unto his actions undertaken by faith alone. In the Scriptures it is written.

  • “What shall we say then that Abraham our father, as pertaining to the flesh, hath found?
    [2] For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath whereof to glory; but not before God.
    [3] For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.”
(Romans 4:1-3)

it is also written.

“O foolish Galatians, who hath bewitched you, that ye should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently set forth, crucified among you?
[2] This only would I learn of you, Received ye the Spirit by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith?
[3] Are ye so foolish? having begun in the Spirit, are ye now made perfect by the flesh?
[4] Have ye suffered so many things in vain? if it be yet in vain.
[5] He therefore that ministereth to you the Spirit, and worketh miracles among you, doeth he it by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith?
[6] Even as Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.
[7] Know ye therefore that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham.
[8] And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed.
[9] So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham.

(Galatians 3:1-9)

and once more you will find.

” Thou believest that there is one God; thou doest well: the devils also believe, and tremble.
[20] But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead?
[21] Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?
[22] Seest thou how faith wrought with his works, and by works was faith made perfect?
[23] And the scripture was fulfilled which saith, Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness: and he was called the Friend of God.”

(James 2:19-23)

Through the exercise of faith, the aforementioned promises made by God were sought as the obvious endowment which Abram was to receive. Has God kept his covenants with this man? Some would say He has not! As we examine the promises made, we find that God did indeed make of him a great nation. God did indeed bless the whole earth through the coming of Jesus, The Christ, who died and was resurrected for our sins. God also blessed the entire earth through giving all families the Scriptures, which came through the Jewish peoples but are for all men everywhere, that we would know His intention and plan for our redemption.

The name of Abraham is revered among three separate belief systems upon the earth to this day! The Jewish religion, that of Islam, and certainly that of Christianity, all hold this name in very high regard. Those who contend that God has not kept His covenants always point to the absence of the Jewish people from the vast land which was promised in this chapter. To do this it is necessary for one to believe that God must operate upon a timeline which they have established. A very important word comes into play when discussing the land which in fact belongs to Israel but is not currently occupied by them. That word is the little three letter word, “yet.“.

God’s timing is independent of ours. He does not answer to me, nor to you, concerning when He chooses to exercise certain facets of His sovereign direction of the universe which He owns by right of creation. When the necessary preparations are made and the circumstances are aligned according to His will, what He has said He will do, He does.

In the case of Abram, it was needful that God call him out of his birth environment. One might ask why this was so and that would be a legitimate question. Consider the conditions of the world of humanity at that time. Mankind had slipped into rebellion against God once more. The worship of idols and things created in place of the Creator Himself was rampant. Lest we forget, Nimrod was on a rampage intent upon world domination during this period. Something new was called for to draw mankind back unto Himself. That something new … was the calling out of Abram through whom He could execute His Master Plan.

Those who question all the historical accuracy of these events were quieted when a Bedouin shepherd boy named Muhammed ed-Dib, who was dwelling in the Bethlehem at the time, threw a rock into a cave in the hills of the Judean desert in the year of 1947. Hearing the sound of breaking pottery, he decided to investigate, and this was the earliest discovery of what are now known as the Dead Sea Scrolls. Among the earliest of these which the scholars were able to acquire and examine is one which contains a commentary written upon chapters 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the book of Genesis. The events which we are reading about here were confirmed by this ancient writing which God concealed for nearly two thousand years.

The truth of the covenants made herein between God and Abram have significant ramifications for the world in which we find ourselves today. The exploration of Canaan by Abram was obviously incomplete, but it is central to the narrative of Scripture. The land of Canaan belongs unto Israel and at the appointed time Israel will dwell therein. Abram, in obedience unto God, walked throughout that land. However, as I have pointed out earlier the faith of Abram, while magnificent to ponder, was at times only a partial faith.

It is written.

“And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Sichem, unto the plain of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.
[7] And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
[8] And he removed from thence unto a mountain on the east of Bethel, and pitched his tent, having Bethel on the west, and Hai on the east: and there he builded an altar unto the LORD, and called upon the name of the LORD.
[9] And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the south.
[10] And there was a famine in the land: and Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there; for the famine was grievous in the land.”

(Genesis 12:6-10)

Abram DID walk to and from in the land as he was instructed. However, there came an incident that caused him to stumble a bit. There came a famine in Canaan. This must have been fairly severe, for in order to maintain the life of his herds, flocks, and his people he reasoned that it was necessary to journey in Egypt. There are two things which ought to be noted in this decision. One was that before making this choice Abram did not consult God. The second is that this man who had left all and gone into a strange land at God’s command, failed to trust the same God for the provision he needed to stay in that land.

It is a good thing to understand that Abram was very much human just as you and I are. He made mistakes and yet God was merciful and gracious unto him. What we are about to see needs to be viewed from the context of that great warfare between the serpent of Eden Satan, and The Creator and Sustainer of this universe. There is more here at stake than the immediate events which occurred. Just as Satan had tried to pervert the line of the coming Messiah before, he would attempt at this point to cause the plans for the redemption of humanity to go astray by the corrupting of that one woman who was to be the mother of Christ’s lineage, Sarai. It is written.

” And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon:
[12] Therefore it shall come to pass, when the Egyptians shall see thee, that they shall say, This is his wife: and they will kill me, but they will save thee alive.
[13] Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister: that it may be well with me for thy sake; and my soul shall live because of thee.
[14] And it came to pass, that, when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman that she was very fair.
[15] The princes also of Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house.
[16] And he entreated Abram well for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen, and he asses, and menservants, and maidservants, and she asses, and camels.
[17] And the LORD plagued Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai Abram’s wife.
[18] And Pharaoh called Abram, and said, What is this that thou hast done unto me? why didst thou not tell me that she was thy wife?
[19] Why saidst thou, She is my sister? so I might have taken her to me to wife: now therefore behold thy wife, take her, and go thy way.
[20] And Pharaoh commanded his men concerning him: and they sent him away, and his wife, and all that he had.”

(Genesis 12:11-20)

The beauty of Sarai caused Abram to stumble in that he formulated a lie in which he trusted which he asked her to agree to perpetuate. Is this not the man who is renowned as the rock of faith even now all around the world? Yes, it is he, my friend. Let us not be too harsh upon him for he is human as we are. Remember also that he is in that process of learning about the faithfulness of the God whom he has trusted.

In doing what he did, Abram placed Sarai at risk. He placed Pharoah and all his house at risk. He also placed the entire design of God’s redemption at risk, in a human sense, for this woman was to be the mother of the nation through which would come the tribe of Judah out of which The Messiah was to be born. Yet God saw to it that all of this worked for the highest good of humanity. The designs of God will not be thwarted by any entity which exists. Remember this, for when it looks all is about to be lost, that is the time to expect God to show Himself in might and power.

Pharoah was not to be faulted for his actions here, for he acted in accordance with the customs of that day by bestowing upon Abram what amounted to a huge dowry for Sarai. He did not simply take her as many lesser honorable men would have done. I hold that for this reason God plagued Pharoah and his house in such manner that the cause was evident unto Pharoah.

In his discourse with Abram, once again note that Pharoah reacted with an honorable response. He could have attempted to kill Abram and Sarai and their entire party for this deception which led to the plaguing of his household. He did not, but rather dispatched them on their way while allowing them to retain all that he had bestowed upon them. This was God at work in the heart of even a heathen king. let us note that the Scriptures tell us plainly that God does do this, for it is written.

“The king’s heart is in the hand of the LORD, as the rivers of water: he turneth it whithersoever he will.”

(Proverbs 21:1)

It is vital to not lose fact of the truth that when Abram ventured down into Egypt, he acquired among other things a certain slave girl named Hagar. While not mentioned here, she will become vital in coming chapters as we watch God work and as we watch the tendency of humanity, which will be out on display by Sarai, to desire to “help God along by use of our human reasoning and logic at times. However, that is for another time my friend.

For now, let us follow Abram as he journey’s back into Canaan and continues to follow God while he patiently awaits more direction and illumination concerning the promises, faithfulness, and very character of the God which had called him out of the world of paganism.

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Genesis Chapter Eleven, One language, One Speech, One Rebellion!

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[1] And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
[2] And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
[3] And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
[4] And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.
[5] And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded.
[6] And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.
[7] Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.
[8] So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.
[9] Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.
[10] These are the generations of Shem: Shem was an hundred years old, and begat Arphaxad two years after the flood:
[11] And Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
[12] And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
[13] And Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
[14] And Salah lived thirty years, and begat Eber:
[15] And Salah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
[16] And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat Peleg:
[17] And Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters.
[18] And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:
[19] And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters.
[20] And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat Serug:
[21] And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters.
[22] And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor:
[23] And Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
[24] And Nahor lived nine and twenty years, and begat Terah:
[25] And Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred and nineteen years, and begat sons and daughters.
[26] And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
[27] Now these are the generations of Terah: Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran begat Lot.
[28] And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.
[29] And Abram and Nahor took them wives: the name of Abram’s wife was Sarai; and the name of Nahor’s wife, Milcah, the daughter of Haran, the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah.
[30] But Sarai was barren; she had no child.
[31] And Terah took Abram his son, and Lot the son of Haran his son’s son, and Sarai his daughter in law, his son Abram’s wife; and they went forth with them from Ur of the Chaldees, to go into the land of Canaan; and they came unto Haran, and dwelt there.
[32] And the days of Terah were two hundred and five years: and Terah died in Haran.

Commentary on Genesis Chapter Eleven

The command of God unto those who went forth from the ark was the same as it had been unto Adam and Eve in the beginning of the human race. It is written.

“And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto them, be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth.”

(Genesis 9:1)

To do this would mandate that a migration in all directions, radiating out from the Ark of God upon Ararat, be undertaken from the outset. So, what do we find mankind doing in the opening of chapter eleven? We are told.

“And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech.
[2] And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.”

(Genesis 11:1-2)

The Tigris Euphrates valley was a vast, fertile land where there was ample water and fodder for both man and beast to consume as they would. It apparently was so enticing that the whole of humanity which left the ark decided that this place was far enough for them to travel in spite of what God had said. Once again, we have mankind deciding that they would substitute what they thought ought to be good enough based upon their experiences and desires instead of fulfilling the mandate of God.

This is a demonstration of the same inward spiritual condition that crouched within the bosom of Cain when he brought unto God the fruit of the ground instead of the acceptable blood offering. Mark it down my friend, the sin nature of fallen humanity is very much alive and well in all who are born of woman upon this earth.

Far too often in our personal lives, and in the administration of the Church’s carrying out of the Great Commission, we are quick to substitute what we think ought to be done for what God has commanded. We make exceptions based upon emotional or traditional grounds rather than choosing to be in obedience to the clear dictates of God. Note the basis which was the underlying reasons for the actions we are about to see. It is written.

” And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.
[4] And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.”

(Genesis 11:3-4)

Their declared intent found in verse four is in direct defiance of God’s command. All the earth was not comprised of the plain of Shinar. Note that they deliberately planned out how they would divert God’s decree. The area in the Tigris Euphrates Valley is a land which is virtually void of stone suitable for building. Neither did they find ample supplies of suitable wood for such a project. In their creative rebellion they employed the very earth and bogs around them to construct what was intended to be the greatest building project undertaken by humanity to that time.

The sophistication of the human race at that time period becomes evident when one considers the task which they undertook. The Tower of Babel was in actuality what archeologists have come to call a Ziggurat type structure. The ruins of several of these massive structures are still visible throughout that land today. This was not in any fashion to be even contemplated to be a stair way by which one might climb up to the abode of God in the heavenlies. That idea has come down to us through the ideas of artists and tellers of tales as well as those who believe this to be a fairy tale for children.

The purposes of this structure were far more complex than any such nonsense as that. First among these was the location of a common monument to which all people would be drawn. Such a huge structure standing alone upon the vast plains of that area would be visible for miles in every direction. It would be a focal point for one to use as a reminder that to the cause which built that structure belonged their allegiances. Much as the flag of a nation causes a patriotic response to rise up in the heart of one from that country, this would evoke emotions of pride and union with all who belonged to that common cause.

The second purpose, which would be just as powerful and just as deadly concerning their direct rebellion against God, was that this structure was designed to be the focal point of a nationalistic religion which would bind the souls of all men together in opposition to God. The Ziggurat was built in the form of a step pyramid with a broad base that grew narrower as one ascended up the sides. There were rampways which allowed for people to do exactly that and there were sections at certain points where those making pilgrimage could pause and rest before going on. It is interesting to note that every brick which was used in building such an edifice was stamped with the impression of the ruler’s name as a sign of approval before being used in a building project.

At the top of these structures was a temple which allegedly housed the gods which were responsible for the creation and maintenance of “The Heavens”. Inside these temples were tables where offerings, and often, sacrifices were presented unto the gods. On the floor of the temple area, in a circle, would be depicted the signs of the zodiac which was meant to honor the gods depicted by those signs. This was a crucial part of the religion of ancient Babylon which God despises. This was the meaning of the phrase, “whose top may reach unto heaven; “

Humanity was constructing a common symbol of “patriotism”. They were constructing a common place and manner of “worship.” They spoke the same “common language.” They also were all in agreement to do these things in order that they might be united as one people. History has repeatedly demonstrated that these things are the glue which hold any particular society together. These are the identifying marks of a people who comprise a unified society. Unfortunately, these are often the same marks of a people who are in rebellion against God under the guise of holding fast to their culture.

Take note that it was apparently the one called Nimrod who was responsible for the leadership of this rebellion. It is written.

“And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
[9] He was a mighty hunter before the LORD: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the LORD.
[10] And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.”

(Genesis 10:8-10)

This “Nimrod” as he is designated was the first human in history to launch a campaign to conquer the entire world and subdue it under his whims and tyrannical rule. By no means will he be the last. The actual word, “Nimrod“, is a title which is derived from Hebrew wording that confers the idea of “The rebellious one.” Once more the seeds of self-aggrandizement have shown that they will bring forth fruit in every human heart left unchecked by the dictates of God, The creator. What was the reaction of God to all of this? It is written.

“And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded.
[6] And the LORD said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.
[7] Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.
[8] So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.
[9] Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.”

(Genesis 11:5-9)

There are several things to note in the actions of God here which carry tremendous importance. First, God could have simply wiped-out humanity as He had just recently done yet He did not! Also, He could have destroyed their entire habitation which they had bult but again He did not do so. What He did do was take counsel with Himself, as in the entirety of the Trinity in decreeing what the response would be.

Note the phrase in verse seven, “Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech”. Without the ability to communicate freely and clearly, the undertaking which had been begun ceased. This would also have been the beginning of every ethnicity to inhabit the earth, for people would have naturally gravitated toward those who they could understand and thereby naturally, gradually, alliances were formed upon the basis of common language. It would have been at this point that the great and diverse migrations of all ethnicities would have occurred thereby fulfilling the original mandate unto them to fill all the earth.

It is also at this point in the Biblical narrative that God begins to single out one family, and then one individual within that family through which He is going to continue the revelation of Himself through the coming Messiah. It is written.

“These are the generations of Shem: Shem was an hundred years old, and begat Arphaxad two years after the flood:
[11] And Shem lived after he begat Arphaxad five hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
[12] And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
[13] And Arphaxad lived after he begat Salah four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
[14] And Salah lived thirty years, and begat Eber:
[15] And Salah lived after he begat Eber four hundred and three years, and begat sons and daughters.
[16] And Eber lived four and thirty years, and begat Peleg:
[17] And Eber lived after he begat Peleg four hundred and thirty years, and begat sons and daughters.
[18] And Peleg lived thirty years, and begat Reu:
[19] And Peleg lived after he begat Reu two hundred and nine years, and begat sons and daughters.
[20] And Reu lived two and thirty years, and begat Serug:
[21] And Reu lived after he begat Serug two hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters.
[22] And Serug lived thirty years, and begat Nahor:
[23] And Serug lived after he begat Nahor two hundred years, and begat sons and daughters.
[24] And Nahor lived nine and twenty years, and begat Terah:
[25] And Nahor lived after he begat Terah an hundred and nineteen years, and begat sons and daughters.
[26] And Terah lived seventy years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran.
[27] Now these are the generations of Terah: Terah begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran; and Haran begat Lot.
[28] And Haran died before his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.”

(Genesis 11:10-27)

To the casual reader of Scripture this is merely one more list of the infamous “begats” which seem so boring and without much value as one reads through the Scriptures. Nothing could be further from the truth my friend, for this listing will be the establishment of an unbroken lineage of the one called The Messiah when He appears in Human history. This lineage is the one which connects Him to God Himself through Shem, Noah, and ultimately Adam who we are told is a son of God in the writings of the gospel accounts. Take note that we are ultimately introduced to three sons of Terah out of which one will be chosen of God to continue the Revelation of Himself through Jesus the coming Messiah. God did not choose Nahor. God did not choose Haran. He did in fact choose Abram. It is of note that Abram was married to Sarai, whose name at this point translates roughly as “Contentious”. It is also of note that she was known to be barren. The reasons for noting this will unfold before us as we walk through the Scriptures, but it is of note now because the meaning of her husband’s name, Abram, is translated as “Exalted Father”

One might easily surmise that the barrenness of Sarah which was apparently known to all about them was an open wound to their souls, for in that day children were seen as a source of favor from on high. As we conclude this chapter, we are given the needful facts concerning an overview of the actions of this man Abram as he began to travel from the land of his birth. God, as He often does, gives here an overview but shortly He will show us the necessary detailed interaction between this man and Himself that continues the revelation which He intends to grant us concerning His grace, His love, and His intention to provide a way of redemption unto humanity which we cannot provide under any circumstances for ourselves.



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Genesis Chapter Ten. The Generations of The Sons of Noah

Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth: and unto them were sons born after the flood.
[2] The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
[3] And the sons of Gomer; Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
[4] And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
[5] By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations.
[6] And the sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan.
[7] And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabtecha: and the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan.
[8] And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
[9] He was a mighty hunter before the LORD: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the LORD.
[10] And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
[11] Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,
[12] And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city.
[13] And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
[14] And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (out of whom came Philistim,) and Caphtorim.
[15] And Canaan begat Sidon his firstborn, and Heth,
[16] And the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgasite,
[17] And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
[18] And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite: and afterward were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad.
[19] And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as thou comest to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha.
[20] These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations.
[21] Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Eber, the brother of Japheth the elder, even to him were children born.
[22] The children of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram.
[23] And the children of Aram; Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash.
[24] And Arphaxad begat Salah; and Salah begat Eber.
[25] And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of one was Peleg; for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother’s name was Joktan.
[26] And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazar-maveth, and Jerah,
[27] And Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah,
[28] And Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
[29] And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab: all these were the sons of Joktan.
[30] And their dwelling was from Mesha, as thou goest unto Sephar a mount of the east.
[31] These are the sons of Shem, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations.
[32] These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations: and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood.

Commentary on Genesis Chapter Ten

As we step across the threshold of the propagation of the peoples of the earth found in this chapter there will emerge a pattern which will be repeated throughout the Scriptures. God is developing a line of revelation which centers upon the Christ and in doing so He will single out those matters, people, and events, which touch upon that line of revelation at a given time as they intersect that line. He then sets these aside to continue upon that singular, important, line of revelation until they once more become important regarding their relationship with the revelation of The Christ.

It is far too easy to get caught up in “chasing rabbits” down the preverbal “rabbit hole” should one forget this fact. The lure to do so is strong, particularly in chapters such as this one before us. This portion of Genesis is often referred to as the Table of Nations, for in it will be found the origins of all the great kingdoms of the earth which we study through Archeological quests, and careful sifting of the records of antiquity which we have available to us today.

God begins these records by dealing with those lines, which will be temporarily split from the main themes of revelation, before continuing on with the lineage of The Christ which is to come. It is written.

“Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth: and unto them were sons born after the flood.
[2] The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
[3] And the sons of Gomer; Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
[4] And the sons of Javan; Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
[5] By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations.”

(Genesis 10:1-5)

God begins with The Gentiles. He begins with the “sons of Japeth“. From this son of Noah came the following ethnic groups which have been traced back to him by the diligent efforts of many conservative scholars. These listings are not going to be exhaustive nor all conclusive but rather will set the general pathways back to the origins of our ancestor, whoever they may be.

From Gomer came the following groups.

  • The people who are of Gallic descent which includes the following.
    • The Germanic peoples of Western Europe.
    • The Franks and the Visigoths.
    • The Vandals.
    • The Teutonic peoples.
    • The Gauls
    • Austrians
    • Bavarians

From Magog, Tubal, and Meshech, came the following groups.

  • The Scythians
  • The Slavic peoples.
  • The Russians
  • The Bulgarians
  • The Bohemians
  • The Poles
  • The Slovaks
  • The Croatians

Out of Madai emerged the following groups.

  • Those from India
  • The Persians
  • The Medes
  • The Afghans
  • The Kurds

Emerging from Javan were the following groups.

  • The Greeks
  • The Romans
  • The French
  • The Spanish
  • The Portuguese
  • The Italians

From Tiras we find the following groups.

  • The Thracians
  • The Eastern Germanic peoples
  • The Scandinavians
  • The Angles
  • The Saxons
  • The People of The English Isles and related ethnicities.

In a broad and general sense, these are the bloodlines which emerged from Japeth, the son of Noah. Note that the intent of these listings is to convey a sense of “who” ended up going “where” after the earth was divided due to events found in the next chapter of Genesis.

In line with this let us examine the ethnic groups that emerge from the second son of Noah mentioned which is that of Ham. Let me say at the outset that there has been a rather negative teaching which has, for years, circulated among some denominations of the church concerning this group that we ought to put to rest here and now. That teaching concerns the mark set upon Cain of chapters past, and the curse of Canaan of the previous chapter.

Far too many have made this teaching the basis of blatant racism and abuse against people based upon the color of one’s skin. It is incorrect to hold to such a position and before proceeding any further into the word of God we need to put this to rest. The mark placed upon Cain was specific to Cain in order that he might be identified by those who encountered him throughout his life. It did not extend unto any other descendants which came through the sons of Noah.

Concerning the curse upon Canaan, it can be noted that the language of Chapter nine is also very specific regarding the fact that the curse was upon Canaan and those who descend from him. It is wrong to use this as a means to discriminate against those who are descended from Ham due to the association of Ham and Caanan. As you will see, Ham had other sons as well as Canaan. Having said this let us examine the sons of Ham. It is written.

“And the sons of Ham; Cush, and Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan.
[7] And the sons of Cush; Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabtecha: and the sons of Raamah; Sheba, and Dedan.
[8] And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
[9] He was a mighty hunter before the LORD: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the LORD.
[10] And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
[11] Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,
[12] And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city.
[13] And Mizraim begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
[14] And Pathrusim, and Casluhim, (out of whom came Philistim,) and Caphtorim.
[15] And Canaan begat Sidon his firstborn, and Heth,
[16] And the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgasite,
[17] And the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite,
[18] And the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite: and afterward were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad.
[19] And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as thou comest to Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest, unto Sodom, and Gomorrah, and Admah, and Zeboim, even unto Lasha.
[20] These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their countries, and in their nations.

(Genesis 10:8-20)

The first of those to be mentioned are Cush. From him would come the following ethnic groups.

  • Those who populated Africa.
    • The Ethiopians
    • The Libyans
    • The Sudanese
    • The Kenyans
    • The Zulus
  • Embedded in the lineage of Cush, son of Ham, is a very important notation concerning a notorious figure in human history who is to be credited with the founding of one of the great kingdoms of the ancient world that will figure prominently throughout human history and the Scriptures in many ways. This one is called Nimrod and the kingdom he founded was none other than Ancient Babylon. The description of the location of this kingdom does not leave any doubt that it was the great kingdom founded in the Tigris Euphrates valley where Nimrod is said to have founded certain ancient cities which are verifiable today.

Among these is the city known as Erich in this text, which has been clearly identified as the city of Uruk located on the banks of the Euphrates River in modern day Iraq. Other prominent clues would be the founding of the cities of Babel, and Accad.

While I have listed the African people groups to be predominantly those which came of Cush, it is important to note that the time involved in the dispersal of those who left the ark was a great lengthy period. The first movement of the family of Noah was, in fact, from the mountains of Ararat down into the land of the ancient plain of a place known as Shinar. It is therefore most probable that what we read of Nimrod and his exploits occurred well before the migration into Africa took place.

Concerning those exploits it is to be understood that the “hunting” of Nimrod had nothing to do with stalking big game animals. It is held by many conservative scholars that Nimrod was a hunter of the souls of men. In past studies I have commented upon my belief that Nimrod of this passage equates to the great Gilgamesh of Ancient Babylonian record.

Both men are said to have founded the same city, that of Uruch, here called Erech. Both men were adamant about the lawless fashion in which they conducted their lives. Both men were said to have been associated with one who had survived the great flood sent by Divinity to destroy the world through means of an ark filled with animals. The link between Cush and Nimrod is obvious and that leads us back to Ham.

In the epic of Gilgamesh, which has been translated from ancient Akkadian, in the eleventh tablet it speaks of the encounter which Gilgamesh had with one called the “Utnapishtim” This was the one who had survived the great deluge in the fashion described. That name translates into the “Faraway “indicating that Gilgamesh had to travel to have this encounter. There are other comparisons that are to be made. They are too numerous to include here and would in fact be the subject of a separate series of studies. Let it suffice for me to say that both men were men who would be gods over their fellow men and in fact established the means to attempt to facilitate that goal.

The next name found on our list is that of Mizraim. This was the progenitor of those who dwelt throughout the coasts and borders of ancient Egypt. In fact, the Hebrew wording for ” Egypt” is almost a direct correlation with the name, Mizraim. In addition to this there is evidence which suggest that the people known as the Philistines, who plagued Israel for so many years are descendants of Mzram.

Now we have come that infamous grandson of Noah, Canaan. From this one emerged the following people groups noteworthy people.

  • The Jebusites
  • The Amorites
  • The Girgasites
  • The Hivites
  • The Arkites
  • The Sinites
  • The Arvadite
  • The Zemarite
  • The  Hamathite

It is insightful to realize that the first mention in Scripture of the five cities of the plain, which we shall encounter a bit further on in Genesis, is here in verse 19 of this chapter. Among these are the familiar names of Sodom and Gomorrah. It is also insightful to understand that the peoples listed here as those who originated from Canaan are the same tribes which God will displace, and then eradicate from off the face of the earth, further on in Scripture. Two names which will become very familiar as we travel through Scriptures are those of the Amorites and the Jebusites which we see above. The Jebusites are those enemies of God which held the city that we now call Jerusalem until the forces of King David took it from them. The Amorites were a mighty people that were subdued by the armies of Israel after they emerged from Egypt.

A case can be made from careful study of these portions of Scripture for a lineal descent of behavior being played out for all to see. It is often referred to as “Culture or heritage” which has been handed down for thousands of years in some cases. The right to celebrate one’s heritage is certainly legitimate, however far too often the ancient cultures contain blatant, and obvious anti God and anti-Christ references and components which are never to be condoned. There are however right and just celebrations which are certainly to be marked in order to remind one of his ancient Christian riots and heritage.

Let us now turn our attention to the third son of Noah, that of Shem. It is written.

” Unto Shem also, the father of all the children of Eber, the brother of Japheth the elder, even to him were children born.
[22] The children of Shem; Elam, and Asshur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and Aram.
[23] And the children of Aram; Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash.
[24] And Arphaxad begat Salah; and Salah begat Eber.
[25] And unto Eber were born two sons: the name of one was Peleg; for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother’s name was Joktan.
[26] And Joktan begat Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazar-maveth, and Jerah,
[27] And Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah,
[28] And Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
[29] And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab: all these were the sons of Joktan.
[30] And their dwelling was from Mesha, as thou goest unto Sephar a mount of the east.
[31] These are the sons of Shem, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations.
[32] These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations: and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood.”

(Genesis 10:21-32)

From these peoples listed as the descendants of Shem one can discern that this people group occupied far less land after the migrations from the plains of Shinar occurred than either of the other two.

The mountains which were beyond the Tigris River, the Persian Gulf, The Black Sea and that land, which is called The Levant, form in part the borders of the Sons of Shem.

The tracing of the lineage of the sons of Shem leads to the discovery of leads us to the lands of the Arabs, Assyrians, and Syrians as we study Scripture. In closing this study of Thew word of God let us take note of the final words of this chapter. It is written.

“

These are the sons of Shem, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations.
[32] These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations: and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood.”

(Genesis 10:31-32)

A careful study of the contents of this chapter reveals that there are seventy nations which emerge here, exclusive of the mention of Nimrod of course. Of these seventy, fourteen are from Japeth, thirty come from the loins of Ham, and twenty-six may be traced unto Shem. Recognizing that the balance of power in the world of our day is magnificently different from that which was shown here ought to give us pause for thought and a new perspective upon the history of the ancients. It is at this point that we shall see the sad truth begin to emerge that even those who were so close to the demonstrated grace of God., as the sons of Noah were, were but sinful humans at their core. They failed to teach their progeny the things which they knew of God and what happens in the next chapter will display the result of such neglect.

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Genesis Chapter Nine. God’s Covenant Sign with Noah Is Established And Set Within The Clouds.

And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth.
[2] And the fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air, upon all that moveth upon the earth, and upon all the fishes of the sea; into your hand are they delivered.
[3] Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the green herb have I given you all things.
[4] But flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat.
[5] And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at the hand of every man’s brother will I require the life of man.
[6] Whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man.
[7] And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein.
[8] And God spake unto Noah, and to his sons with him, saying,
[9] And I, behold, I establish my covenant with you, and with your seed after you;
[10] And with every living creature that is with you, of the fowl, of the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you; from all that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth.
[11] And I will establish my covenant with you; neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of a flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth.
[12] And God said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations:
[13] I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth.
[14] And it shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud:
[15] And I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh.
[16] And the bow shall be in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is upon the earth.
[17] And God said unto Noah, This is the token of the covenant, which I have established between me and all flesh that is upon the earth.
[18] And the sons of Noah, that went forth of the ark, were Shem, and Ham, and Japheth: and Ham is the father of Canaan.
[19] These are the three sons of Noah: and of them was the whole earth overspread.
[20] And Noah began to be an husbandman, and he planted a vineyard:
[21] And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent.
[22] And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without.
[23] And Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father’s nakedness.
[24] And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto him.
[25] And he said, Cursed be Canaan; a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren.
[26] And he said, Blessed be the LORD God of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant.
[27] God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant.
[28] And Noah lived after the flood three hundred and fifty years.
[29] And all the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years: and he died.

Commentary On Genesis Chapter Nine

As we look upon the scene before us, we find Noah, his family, and the various creatures which are now beginning to disembark from the ark of God as they enter a radically altered new world in which they shall live. The changes which are implemented are a staggering divergence from the original creation of God. Until now it would seem that man and beast lived together in relative peace without fear of one another. Until now it would seem that the basic diet of all things was vegetables and fruits which God had given in Eden, The Garden of God. Take note of the following commandment of God. It is written.

“And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth.
[2] And the fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air, upon all that moveth upon the earth, and upon all the fishes of the sea; into your hand are they delivered.
[3] Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the green herb have I given you all things.
[4] But flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat.
[5] And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it, and at the hand of man; at the hand of every man’s brother will I require the life of man.
[6] Whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man.
[7] And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein.

(Genesis 9:1-7)

The command to multiply and fill the earth is reiterated. God’s desire for man to procreate has never altered. It is for this purpose that the institution of marriage between a man and a woman was first deployed in Eden, The Garden of God. It is noteworthy that the first institution which God ordained upon this earth, and among the societies of humanity, was that of the family. It is the family which has been the basic building block of any and all civilizations which have ever existed upon the earth. It is therefore the family unit which has always been in the crosshairs of The Evil One as he seeks to either usurp God’s place in a society or destroy that which he cannot successfully subjugate unto himself.

One has but to look at the headlines of the day to observe the malevolent attacks which he is behind that are aimed directly at the family unit. The destruction of the lines of authority in this most basic unit of human existence are obvious. Fathers are presented as something akin to the resident village idiot who bumbles his way through every situation which comes up. Mothers are presented either as cunning or quick in their ability to outsmart the man of the home. Should the thought of a woman in subjection to the authority of a husband in the home ever be presented it is wrongfully made to show that subjection equals slavery or that the result of such a position is abuse which is to be endured.

The children of our “modern” societies have been led to believe that they have the authority to declare to their parents what they will and will not do, what they will and will not tolerate from them, and what they expect to be given without the necessity of having to earn it, with impunity. None of these conditions have ever been advocated nor blessed by the God who designed the blueprint for mankind to flourish and be nurtured under His Divine care upon the earth. All of these conditions constitute a direct perversion which is the goal of the Evil One who desires to be worshipped as a god or destroy whatever does not engage in such worship.

The first command of God unto the family coming from the ark was a reiteration to be fruitful. To do so required that the blueprint for the family be followed as it was in the beginning. To facilitate the continued existence of mankind upon the face of this brave new world, other changes were wrought concerning how mankind was now to relate to the other components of God’s creation. Fear was introduced into the animal kingdom. This was fear of humanity, which apparently had not been present before. Certainly, none of the creatures which had been under the control and care of Noah and his family would have possessed fear of these people due to their close proximity and the continued feeding and grooming of them which occurred during the many months which they spent together inside the ark.

This fear was now a necessity for the continued survival of the various creatures which would roam the earth. There was no food source available for the humans due to the indescribable devastation which had been wrought upon the earth. The eating of meat was now to be allowed by God and therefore an animal without fear would be subject to easy slaughter. There is however one particular prohibition connected with this matter. No blood was to be consumed with the flesh of whatever was being eaten.

Take careful note of the fact that God holds the taking of the innocent life of a human to be particularly offensive unto Him. It is so much so that any creature who engages in the taking of human life is mandated to be killed. God does indeed hold to the exercise of capital punishment. It is the right of He who created all things to decree what is to be done in recompense for crimes against human beings and therefore to oppose this mandate is in fact to be in direct opposition to the righteous decree of God. Often, in the name of mercy those who oppose the execution of a murderer take the stand that all life is equally precious and therefore the life of the criminal ought not to be forfeited. In doing so they have frequently quoted one of the ten commandments, or rather misquoted it, so that, ” Thou shalt not commit murder” ” becomes, ” Thous shalt not take a human life.”

The great, glaring inconsistency in this position is that they quote the Law of Moses which was not even in existence when THIS mandate was given by the same God who spoke to Moses. Before us now is the basis of respect for all human life as God Himself sets it forth. Of all the creatures which were created to live upon this earth, only man is referred to as being made in the image of God.

It is this distinction from which humanity draws its dignity. While humanity now possesses a shattered, and distorted, image of The Living God it is still there and for this reason man holds intrinsic value which is not to be ignored without consequence.

Having established this key principle by which the infant society of humanity was to be governed, God now sets out to reassure those who have just come through the deluge which ended the world as they knew it before entering into the ark that He will never again employ this method of worldwide judgment upon the sins of humanity. He did not covenant to never judge the world again. He only promised that this method would not be used. Why would such a covenant be necessary at this time?

To answer this, it is necessary to place oneself in the situational context of those exiting the ark of God. The only previous rainstorm ever to be experienced upon this planet before their emergence destroyed all life. It had been an isolated event in the experience of humanity. Now, however, the deployment of something we know as the Hydrological Cycle was to be made. Rain would be formed as the vapors rose from the surface of the great seas, moved inland to form clouds, and then as the mountain ranges were encountered the water would form droplets which would fall to the earth to return to the seas via rivers and lakes.

This was now to be the normal manner in which the earth, which had been watered by a mist rising from the ground before was to be irrigated, thereby nourishing the plants and animals which it bore. What you think when you saw the sky begin to darken once more overhead if you were among the little group coming from the ark? The answer is obviously that it was about to flood again!

For this reason, God instituted the promise of the rainbow which He placed in the skies to be viewed during, and after, each rainstorm which came upon the earth from that day forward. It is written.

“And God spake unto Noah, and to his sons with him, saying,
[9] And I, behold, I establish my covenant with you, and with your seed after you;
[10] And with every living creature that is with you, of the fowl, of the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you; from all that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth.
[11] And I will establish my covenant with you; neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of a flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth.
[12] And God said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations:
[13] I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth.
[14] And it shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud:
[15] And I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh.
[16] And the bow shall be in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is upon the earth. [17] And God said unto Noah, this is the token of the covenant, which I have established between me and all flesh that is upon the earth.

(Genesis 9:8-17)

In many of our “modern societies this symbol of the faithful, unchanging covenant of peace which was established by God with humanity has been perverted into a symbol of something dark and sinister. It has been twisted to convey the hubris of those who not only do things which God detests, but who also demand that the rest of humanity recognize their actions as acceptable and not to be the subject of objection.

The rainbow has nothing to do with the acceptance of perversions foisted upon us. It will forever represent that which is a covenant between man and God regarding the trustworthiness of God Himself. With this assurance established, mankind began to move out from the ark. It is written.

“[18] And the sons of Noah, that went forth of the ark, were Shem, and Ham, and Japheth: and Ham is the father of Canaan.
[19] These are the three sons of Noah: and of them was the whole earth overspread.
[20] And Noah began to be an husbandman, and he planted a vineyard:
[21] And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent.
[22] And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without.
[23] And Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father’s nakedness.”

(Genesis 9:18-23)

Recorded in these passages is the origin of the various roots of the three main branches of the ethnicities of humanity. Although there are today many nations, tribes and kingdoms, they may all be traced back to this point where the three sons of Noah are noted. Recorded here also is the tragic testimony to the truth that although these are those who came through the judgement of God upon the entire world, they still possessed the fallen, sinful nature of Adam. The drunkenness of Noah and the ensuing degrading events at the hand of one of his descendants leaves no doubt that sin was still very active in the world.

Here is further testimony to the truth that the choosing of Noah and his family by God for deliverance from the deluge was entirely based upon the grace of God Himself. The fact that these events are recorded in Scripture ought to serve as warning unto us that even the “best” among us is still not worthy to stand before God apart from His grace and that grace alone.

The actions of Shem and Japeth are those of men who hold a certain degree of honorable intentions. It would appear that the actions of Ham were not. Noah is without excuse in allowing himself to become intoxicated until he became incapacitated by his drunkenness. In doing this he allowed himself to be placed in a position of extreme vulnerability which was acted upon by one of his descendants. The implication is that there were acts of immorality involved which God chose not to specify but yet note in passing in the Scriptures. It is written.

“

[24] And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto him.
[25] And he said, Cursed be Canaan; a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren.
[26] And he said, Blessed be the LORD God of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant.
[27] God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant.
[28] And Noah lived after the flood three hundred and fifty years.
[29] And all the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years: and he died.

(Genesis 9:24-29)

The dawning awareness that he had been mistreated by Canaan while in this drunken stupor is evidenced through the severity of the pronouncement of the curses upon Canaan and his descendants. The term, “younger son”, is better translated, “Younger one”. We often speak of our grandchildren as our youngest ones even today.

Take note that we stand at a juncture where the various root cultures of the branches of humanity are being established. Soon we shall see the spreading of these into various parts of the world and note that certain ones will defile themselves before Gods to the point that they will be conquered and removed from the place which they settle in God’s own timing. Take careful note of the fact that it was Canaan which was the forebearer of a cursed race. As we move forward it will become evident that the land which Israel shall be led to conquer and possess will indeed be the land of … Canaan.

When we arrive at those portions of Scripture that deal directly with this, we shall discuss the causes for such actions in more depth but for now, note that it began here, when sin reared its head as the sons of Noah came down from the Mountains of Ararat.

As we leave this chapter in the history of humanity take note that even those who may go through tremendous, supernatural, encounters with God are still capable of actions which one would not think possible given their firsthand knowledge of God’s faithful character and His holy nature. Let us take care to make certain that we, who certainly have not walked as closely with God as did Noah, are ever aware that it is only by the grace of God that we stand before Him!

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Genesis Chapter Three. Paradise Lost! God And Man Separated! Sin Begins A Destructive and Deadly Reign!

 Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
[2] And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:
[3] But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
[4] And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:
[5] For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.
[6] And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
[7] And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.
[8] And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden.
[9] And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou?
[10] And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.
[11] And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?
[12] And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat.
[13] And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
[14] And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life:
[15] And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
[16] Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.
[17] And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life;
[18] Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field;
[19] In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.
[20] And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.
[21] Unto Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them.
[22] And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever:
[23] Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken.
[24] So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.

Commentary on Genesis Chapter Three

Set before us here is what many believe to be the most pivotal chapter in the entirety of the sixty-six books of The Bible. Upon this account of man’s fall from the grace of God, which we are about to examine, rests the understanding of all which follows. Consider the effect upon the understanding of the history of humanity, as well as most certainly the remainder of Scripture, if one were to attempt to make sense of it all by reading Genesis chapter two and then immediately Genesis chapter four as you lay the foundation for all which follows.

In Genesis two mankind stood in the most blessed, peaceful, and uninhibited state, which the race would ever experience upon this earth. There is peace and harmony between all of the creation of God. Omitting chapter three causes the reader to make a mental leap from such a world unto a world filled with murder, greed, avarice, and all manner of evil which spills forth to stain the pages of history without having any idea how such a radical and degrading status was brought about.

To deny the onslaught and consistent advance of evil upon the earth is to deny the reality of our very existence as creatures capable of these things while ignoring the evidence which is all around us on a daily basis.

Let us be careful to note what we are given to know here … as well as what we are not given to see. Ignoring the latter will lead to undue speculation and error which will compound itself as we continue forward. This is foundational in nature and therefore we must get this right to build correctly upon it moving forward. Let us begin. It is written.

” Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?”

(Genesis 3:1)

Immediately we are confronted here with a creature which demonstrates uncharacteristic actions and abilities which are deployed in order to cause mankind to rebel against God, the creator of all things. This was not the slithering, deadly serpent with which we are familiar today. This is an entity which appears unto the woman in shimmering, alluring beauty. The linguistics of this passage indicate that in Hebrew this creature was indeed known as the “shining one”.

The act of this creature approaching humanity as it engages in this type of discourse with Eve indicates that there is something unnatural and unholy transpiring before us. Note that prior to this we have no record of any other creature engaging mankind in this manner. I would point out that it was man which was given a superior status over all other creatures and therefore one should immediately find a lesser creature initiating such a discussion to be suspect. This is the first recorded instance of probable possession of another entity by Satan himself for the purpose of causing the downfall of mankind. How can such a conclusion be reached? The record of Scripture going forward speaks to this for it is written.

“But what I do, that I will do, that I may cut off occasion from them which desire occasion; that wherein they glory, they may be found even as we. For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into the apostles of Christ. And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light. Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also be transformed as the ministers of righteousness; whose end shall be according to their works”

(II Corinthians 11:12-14)

Again we find written.

“For the mystery of iniquity doth already work: only he who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way. And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming: Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders,”

(II Thessalonians 2:7-9)

There are numerous Scriptures which clearly indicate that this technique of possession for deception, in order to cause the downfall of one, is directly attributable to the working of Satan. One such formidable example is that of the coming Antichrist who will be possessed by Satan himself as a tool to deceive the nations into worshipping him.

Note the design of the attack as set forth here in Genesis three. It is written.

 “And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden: But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die. And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die: For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.”

(Genesis 3:2-7)

The first thing to notice is that doubt concerning the words of God was introduced. The second thing to note here is that this doubt was introduced to the woman, not the man. This is important to understand in order that the technique be correctly identified, for Satan will use this tactic upon all of us if he gets opportunity. God had established an order, a hierarchy if you will, whereby it was the man, not the woman who held responsibility for the proper conveyance of His spoken truth unto the woman.

This is not a popular concept in our world of today and some would immediately decry that statement as being misogynistic. Yet it stands according to the word of God found in Genesis chapter three. The purpose for this observation is to note that Adam failed in his responsibility to his wife to convey God’s words accurately. Adam failed to protect his wife from the approach of evil. Adam failed to intercede and stop this conversation and all that resulted from it. It was Adam who bore the greater responsibility for what happened here. It is written.

“Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned: (For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law). Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come.”

(Romans 5:12-14)

“For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.”

(I Corinthians 15:22)

“Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection. But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence. For Adam was first formed, then Eve. And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression.”

(I Timothy 2:11-14)

Eve responded to the query of the serpent by misquoting the words of God. She added to the prohibition against eating the fruit the prohibition against touching it and thereby opened the door to identify God as a liar. The next step in this assault was to directly attack the good intentions of God toward man. Note carefully that man had no need to eat of this fruit. Mankind was given the fruit of every other tree for his enjoyment and sustenance.

He was not prohibited from partaking of a far more beneficial fruit, that of the Tree of Life, and yet the pride of humanity drove Eve to reject God’s grace and demand equality with God upon her own terms. Those terms were in reality a lie which had been spewed forth by Satan. There are only three basic avenues of attack seen here. These are the following.

  • 1. The lust of the flesh. We are told that Eve saw the fruit was good to eat. It was desirable to satisfy her hunger.
  • 2. The lust of the eyes. Eve saw that this fruit was pleasant to look upon. It thus was desirable to satiate the inner man through producing a spiritual hunger within which ought not to have been allowed to become intensely fixated upon this as the answer to her desire.
  • 3. The Pride of Life. This was the inordinate thinking that Eve deserved to be equal with God and that God had withheld the means to attain what was rightfully hers all along.

In all of this discourse concerning the misrepresentation of God’s intent there is only the disavowal of The Serpent concerning the consequences which would be swift and certain should one partake of what God has forbidden that is causative in nature.This was a direct denial of God’s intent and God’s power.

Having bought into the lie, Eve reached out to touch the fruit which was forbidden to eat. The moment that she did not experience “death” in some fashion God became one who lied unto her, for if He had indeed stated that the mere touch of this forbidden entity would bring death and it did not occur at that moment the view of God which Satan had put forth, was seen as true. Look carefully at the events unfolding next. The question of Adams presence throughout this entire proceeding is settled when we read the following.

“And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.”

(Genesis 3: 6)

There can be no denying that Adam was there all along. Now it is evident that Eve was trapped in a deception and chose to act upon bad information. However, she is not to be excused for her sin. the essence of sin in every case is that God has set a standard and you and I cross over it to choose our way in opposition to God’s way. Yes, Eve was deceived. Adam however knew exactly what he was doing. Neither of these is to be excused from either the immediate consequences of their actions, or the judgement of God which was attached unto the commission of them.

The unintended consequence resulting from their actions were as follows.

  • 1.The realization of shame.
  • 2.The first understanding of fear.
  • 3.The first efforts at concealment of both their shame and their presence very presence from God Himself with whom they had enjoyed unadulterated joy and fellowship.
  • The need for confession and repentance.

It is written..

And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons. And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden. And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him, Where art thou? And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat?”

(Genesis 3:7-11)

Adam and Eve suddenly were aware of that entity which humanity possesses known as conscience. They knew right from wrong alright, but they did not know how to reverse what they had done. Learn this great truth my friend. There is no way back into fellowship with God which originates from the efforts of humanity. Every attempt to rectify the problem of sin which is manmade will fail. Every form of religion, no matter who originates it cannot provide a clear path back into the lost graces of God. Remember that was the religious people who are to be held accountable for the crucifixion of The Son of God.

The sewing of fig leaves together is indicative of man’s efforts to cover themselves and it was in vain. This is the first glimpse of a religious activity which would demand God accept one due to their own works. God never did so. God never even acknowledged the fig leaves in His exchange with Adam and Eve. The appearance of God upon the scene was an opportunity for Adam and Eve to confess their wrongdoing and repent of it, but they did neither. It is written.

“And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat. And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat. And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life:”

(Genesis 3:12-14)

The tendency to accuse someone else for our own actions in an effort to justify ourselves is on full display here. Adam blamed God ultimately, for if you look carefully at his response, he states it was the woman which God had given him who caused this evil to transpire. The woman blamed her actions upon the serpent, who did indeed beguile her, but she consented unto the actions which she took and was not to be relieved of the consequence because of the actions of another. There is a great truth in this which will be repeatedly set forth in Scripture. Every person will be held accountable for their own actions when they stand before God. You will not account for me. nor I for you when The Creator of Heaven and Earth demands an account of our actions be given.

The consequences of their sin that God handed out were just, for He had warned them, and God cannot lie in spite of what they had been told. The judicial consequences which were handed out on the scene are as follows.

  • 1. The Serpent was consigned to crawling upon its belly and its shimmering beauty was degraded.
  • 2. Enmity between the seed of the woman and the seed of the serpent.
  • 3. Sorrow for the woman in childbearing will be greatly multiplied
  • 4.The very ground of the earth was cursed for man’s actions.
    • 1. It would bring forth thistles.
    • 2. It would not yield freely as it had before.
    • 3. It would no longer bear fruit without hard labor of mankind.
  • 5. Physical death was to be introduced unto God’s creation.
  • The requirement of hard labor upon the part of humanity to garner what had been freely bestowed in the way of sustenance before hand.
  • 6. The degradation of man’s physical body resulting in the ultimate return into the ground from which he had been taken.

It is written.

“And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee. And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.”

(Genesis 3:15-19)

It is to be noted that in all of this there is also a great demonstration of God’s grace and His desire to redeem mankind unto Himself. Here begins two great truths which shall be demonstrated throughout all of Scripture. The doctrine of God’s redemption plan which flows throughout the Bible has its beginnings in this chapter of the Scriptures. The acceptable methodology whereby this is to be achieved is set out in this chapter.

Here in Genesis chapter three and verse fifteen we find the first proclamation that there would come one who would be born of a virgin, and who would indeed, crush the serpent’s head. Note the phrase found there, “… The seed of the woman …”. There is a distinct revelation here that man upon the earth will be in one of two great families. One will be at war with the other throughout the entire existence of humanity upon the earth as we know it. While we are all the creation of God, made in His image, we are not all the children of God. On the day of judgement in Eden, The Garden of God, the nature of all humanity changed due to the spiritual death which Adam and Eve immediately experienced as a result of the sin which they committed.

it is therefore necessary for humanity to experience the new birth in order to be reconciled unto a Holy God who cannot tolerate sin in His presence.

It is for this reason that God sent His Son to be crucified, buried, and arise from the dead in order to make such a new birth possible. Without the placement of one’s faith in the work of Jesus, The Messiah of God, as the only acceptable offering unto God to attain reconciliation there will be no transformation from being a son or daughter of the serpent unto being a son or daughter of The Living God!

The difficulty that most people have is that they refuse to accept the truth that one stands before God as a sinner without any merit whereby they can be justified by their own efforts. Just as Adam and Eve attempted to set the conditions that would result in justification through their own efforts, most people begin looking for someone else to blame for their sinful standing before a Holy God. Just as surely as they failed, so will others who do this. It is only by the grace of God that we have any means of access unto Him. He was not bound by any demand humanity would ever make to provide such a means of justification.

To reject His offering is to accept the lie from Satan that there is some other way to be justified, and to incur the wrath of God when ultimately facing Him in an unrighteous state. We have no righteousness of our own when we view ourselves from God’s perspective. It is written.

” But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away.
And there is none that calleth upon thy name, that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee: for thou hast hid thy face from us, and hast consumed us, because of our iniquities. But now, O LORD, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; and we all are the work of thy hand.”

(Isiah 64:6-8)

In closing the study of this chapter, we must note that God Himself reveals the basic concept that justification must be achieved through blood offerings which are acceptable unto Him. Note that God provided skins as a covering for Adam and Eve. This will play a vital role in understanding the remainder of the Scriptures for this magnificent theme of redemption through blood plays a massive part in all that we shall find therein. It is written.

“And Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.
Unto Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them. And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever: Therefore, the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken. So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.”

(Genesis 3:20-24)

I have found that it is nearly impossible to obtain the skin of any animal without two things happening. The first thing is that there will be bloodshed. The other thing is that there is death involved. Therefore, it can be clearly seen here that death began to be rampant in the animal kingdom as a result of the sin of Adam and Eve. There is no previous record of any such experience upon the face of the earth in Scripture. This is what God required to temporarily provide an atonement for the sin of Adam and Eve.

As an act of grace and mercy, God drove man and woman from Eden where they had lived in Paradise upon this earth. There was still in that place another tree from which fruit could have been partaken. That would have been a great tragedy for mankind, for had they eaten of that fruit in their now unrighteous and guilty state, they would have forfeited the ability to obtain redemption by God’s design. The curse of sin was now upon them. To eat of that tree would have caused humanity to live forever in that cursed state. It is for that reason God placed an angel in front of the entrance of Eden to prohibit them from ever returning.

In closing let it be noted that we are here introduced to the existence of a sentient being called Cherubims. These are a particular type of being which is always connected with the Holiness of God. This establishes the truth that mankind is not alone in God’s universe. There are Angels among us who cohabit the vastness of the universe of God. This concept will be developed more fully as we move through The Scriptures but for the moment hold onto this concept.

It is a sad ending that we observe in this chapter, for mankind has now become a tiller of the ground and an exile from his first home upon the earth. He is no longer in the state of innocence which he possessed before. There is no longer the full and free communion with God for which he was in fact created. Evil in the universe has been established to exist and man has sided with that evil against God, his creator.

Take heart my friend, for as we leave Eden we have the hope, the assurance, that God will provide a way back into His fellowship. That is the grand proclamation to be found here. God knows our need. He also has the remedy for that need. Despite the now putrid, decaying, condition which humanity finds itself in at the moment, God is willing to receive us unto Himself.

This, then, is the reasoning which causes our understanding to be enlightened. This chapter is the bridge between what we as a race lost through Adam’s sin and what God desires to bring about throughout the remainder of The Scriptures. This chapter answers the question, ” What happened to us?”. Let us ponder what God desires for us as opposed to what we do unto ourselves and in so pondering find God who stands ready and able to redeem us of we will but come unto Him in the appointed manner.

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Welcome to The Book of Genesis

Often called by many “The Book of Beginnings” there is much to take care to observe within these opening pages of Scripture. Pay particular attention to the first eleven chapters of this book, for they lay the foundation of much that is to come throughout the Scriptures of both The Old and The New Testaments. As we embark upon the examination of this book let us be careful to constantly look for God in everything that goes on here.

I say this because it is far too easy to become enthralled with what is happening and lose sight of what we are to learn concerning God Himself as we observe the events and people which we shall meet in these pages of Scripture. Along the way here in Genesis you will be introduced to the creation of all things as they occurred and as they were ordered by God Himself. You will also be introduced to the very regimented way in which God begins to deal with the human race. This is a book of history. It is also a book containing the biographies of some very important people in the context of God’s plan to redeem His creation from the curse of sin. The earliest recognized prophecy concerning the coming of a virgin born deliverer sent by God is found in the third chapter of this book.

It is of note that the science of archeology confirms, with hard physical evidence, many of the historical statements referenced in this book. Here we are dealing with the accounts of origins of nations as well as humanity itself. Yet once more I ask you to look for God and learn what is revealed about Him as we go through this, The Book of Beginnings, chapter by chapter.

Let us not be in a hurry as we meander along this pathway before us. We are not bound by any set schedule to move at a pace that is predetermined by some program that we may have encountered. As we move through The Scriptures it is important to understand that God desires to meet and speak with us in this journey. It is also important to understand that the way to glean as much as possible from The Scriptures at hand is to practice the lost art of meditation upon what we find each time we enter into examination of them.

As we embark upon this magnificent journey into Genesis, and the Scriptures beyond, let us begin each session with prayer that God will give us eyes to see and ears to hear what the Spirit of God wishes to reveal unto us.

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